Comparison Study on SU-8 and Its Composites
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
33-38
Received:
20 July 2019
Accepted:
25 December 2019
Published:
8 January 2020
Abstract: In this paper, SU-8 is an industrially useful photo resist polymer for micro-fabrication because of its unique UV sensitive curing property. It is also used as a structural material for micro-machines such as micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS). However, it has poor tribological and mechanical properties which make SU-8 inferior to Si, the mainstay MEMS material today. In this paper, we report the fabrication of SU-8 nanocomposites which are self-lubricating and have better mechanical properties. The liquid lubricant i.e., perfluoropolyether (PFPE) and nanoparticles such as SiO2, CNTs, and graphite were added into SU-8 for this purpose. These self-lubricating SU-8 + PFPE and SU-8 + PFPE + nanoparticle composites have shown a reduction in the initial coefficient of friction, increased wear life and the mechanical properties such as the elastic modulus and the hardness have increased. We have used perfluoropolyether (PFPE) as in-situ lubricant filler to SU-8. This composite material has shown highly superior friction and wear performance over pristine SU-8 and any such alternative material for this application. We have shown that the mechanical property can also be enhanced by this method if we utilize nano-particles for further reinforcement. This self-lubricating SU-8+PFPE composite can be used for the fabrication of MEMS applications requiring no external lubrication, and also these composites can find applications in many tribological components of traditional machines. The thickness of SU-8 and its composites coating is fabricated in the range ∼100–105 ±m. Further, SU-8 and its composites are characterized by a 3D optical profilometer, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, a thermal gravimetric analyzer, a goniometer, a hardness tester, and an optical microscope. Under a tribology test performed at different normal loads of 2, 4, and 6 N and at a constant sliding speed of 0.28 m/s. The SU-8 composite reinforced with 10 wt.% h-BN and 20 wt.% PFPE demonstrated the best thermo-mechanical and tribological properties with a nano-textured surface of high hydrophobicity.
Abstract: In this paper, SU-8 is an industrially useful photo resist polymer for micro-fabrication because of its unique UV sensitive curing property. It is also used as a structural material for micro-machines such as micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS). However, it has poor tribological and mechanical properties which make SU-8 inferior to Si, the main...
Show More
Optimizing Transportation with Spatial Databases Using Google Maps in Ado-Ekiti
Israel Oluwaseun Taiwo,
Taiwo Oluboyede
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
39-43
Received:
22 July 2019
Accepted:
26 December 2019
Published:
8 January 2020
Abstract: Transportation is the movement of man, goods and services from one place to another. A database is an organised collection of logically structured data, while spatial databases are enhanced databases capable of storing and querying data that represents objects defined in a geometric space. Databases offer transportation planning and management the capacity for operation planning – Best & Alternative Route Planning (BARP), Transport Intelligence, Fleet Management, Freight Payment and Billing, Carrier Sourcing and Visibility. Using Ado-Ekiti as a case study, this works discusses the role of databases for transportation planning and management, it identifies the need for spatially enabled transportation databases to facilitate commuting. Transportation, building transportation databases, database analysis and functionalities for transportation were discussed. The work further implements the use of Google maps as an open spatial database in determining best and alternative routes in Ado-Ekiti. Results obtained shows that readily available spatial databases will make transportation easier, smarter and more cost-effective. The work concludes and recommends the need for continued integration of accurate geospatial data with transportation management for effective transportation service delivery. It further advises the need to promote crowdsourcing, volunteered geographic information and open-source approaches to mapping the environment as veritable sources of data for spatial databases.
Abstract: Transportation is the movement of man, goods and services from one place to another. A database is an organised collection of logically structured data, while spatial databases are enhanced databases capable of storing and querying data that represents objects defined in a geometric space. Databases offer transportation planning and management the ...
Show More
